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Tambaya atakaice: yaya nau’ukan shiga jiki da hadewa a mahangar irfani, da kalam da hikimar muslunci suke?

AMSA:
Bayani kan menene (hulul) shiga jiki da ittihadi(hadewa) hulul a harshen larabci ya samo asali daga kalmar halli da ma’anar sauka amma Kalmar ittihad ita kuma tanada ma’anar abubuwa biyu su hade su koma abu guda daya
Kashe kashen hululi da ittihad

باسمه تعالی

Da sunansa madaukaki

Mabudin kalmomi: ta’arifin shiga jiki+ ta’arifin hadewa+hadewa+arifan muslunci.

Jigo: nau’ukan shiga jik da hadewa.

Tambayoyi masu dangana da juna:

Curin maudu’i: 1432+1432.

Tambaya atakaice: yaya nau’ukan shiga jiki da hadewa a mahangar irfani, da kalam da hikimar muslunci suke?

Tambaya mai lamba: 90175: menene mahangar arifan muslunci(wand aba sufaye ba) gameda nau’uka shiga jiki da hadewa?

 

AMSA:

Bayani kan menene (hulul) shiga jiki da ittihadi(hadewa) hulul a harshen larabci ya samo asali daga kalmar halli da ma’anar sauka[1] amma Kalmar ittihad ita kuma tanada ma’anar abubuwa biyu su hade su koma abu guda daya[2]

Kashe kashen hululi da ittihad

  A mahangar malaman ilimin kalam hululi yanada kashe-kashe wanda zamuyi ishara zuwa ga ba’arinsu

1 hululi taba’I (mamaya dake biyowa): ma'anarsa shine mamaye wani abu a wani waje da ya sauka da yake akwai wani da yake kasantacce a wajen, misalin kamar a zubq ruwa cikin buta wanda shi wannan ruwa koyaushe yana kasancewa a mahallin wannan buta, ma'ana mahallin ruwa yana biye da samuwar mahallin buta.

2-hululi na'ati- wasafi: ma'ana wani nau'I da yake dogaro da wani mai samar da siffa, misali tsayuwa dangane da zaidu ya dogara da siffar da zaidu ya samar, da ma'anar a hakika ya dogara da zaidu, yana samar masa da siffar tsayuwa[3] sai dai cewa hululi wasfi yanda kashe-kashe misalin hululi cikin anu mai bigire da hulu cikin abu mara bigire.

1-hululi cikin abu mara bigire kamar hululin siffar cikinsa kamar misalin siffar kudura da ilimi wadanda suka kebantu da dangantuwa da siffar Allah saboda sun jingina da ubangiji kuma suna kera masa siffar masani mai iko da wannan bayani da misali zamu san cewa Allah madaukaki shine mahallin saukar dukkanin siffofinsa sai dai  shifa bai da bigire kwata kwata ya tsarkaka daga bigire.  

2-amma hululi cikin abu mai bigire musammam bijirarru cikar bijirowa kamar misalin launi kaloli, sauka cikin abubuwa masu jiki, alamar hululi cikin ma'abocin bigire shine cewa ishara ce zuwa ga mai sauka da kuma wanda ake sauka cikinsa, kamar misalin ishara ga madara da farinta da kuma kishiyar hakan[4]

  Bugu da kari sun kara kasa hululi cikin ma'abocin bigire zuwa kashi biyu mai yaduwa da awnada bai yaduwa.

1- hululi mai yaduwa yanda daga kason wanda mahalli wanda ya siffantu da zuwa ga kason mai sauka, ta wannan fuska karkasuwa mahalli na haifar da karkasuwa mai sauka kan mahalli, misalin hululin launi a kan jiki wanda sakamakon karkasuwar gangar jiki shima yana karkasuwa saboda kowanne kaso daga jiki ya siffantu da wani kaso daga launin da ya sauka kansa.

2- a cikin hululi da bai yaduwa shi mai sauka wani bangare ne daga tattarar inda yake sauka bawai wata siffa daga bangarorin cikin gida ba saboda haka mai sauka bai karkasuwa sakamkon kasuwar mahallin da ya sauka, kamar misalin saukar wani digo kan mikakken layi ko kuma jiki wanda bai karkasuwa sakamakon kasuwar mahallin da ya sauka.

Wani ba'ari daga masana sun tafi kan cewa mara yaduwa sakamakon lazimtar tsayuwa daya ta dogaro da masu yawa, suna ganin mahallin cikin ma'abocin bigire ya takaitu cikin hululi mai yaduwa.[5]

Mahangar malaman ilimin kalam cikin babin ittihadi

Cikin babin ittihad galibin malaman ilimin kalam sun tafi kan cewa wai abubuwa biyu su sauya su zama abu guda daya abune da bazai taba yiwuwa sannan suna ganin hakan yanada daga bayyananne abu saukakakke ga kowa ga kowa bai bukatar kawo dalili kan karyata shi, saboda shi ittihadi na hakika a abu guda biyu wanda sabaninsu a zatine ba kuma abune da zai karbi ghushewa ba, kai a asasi ma bamai zai iya yiwuwa ayi tunani cewa bau guda biyu su koma daya ba domin haka tanakudi ne.

Wasu kuma cikinsu wasu sun kafa dalili kan hadewar abubuwa guda su zama daya da cewa bai fita daga kaddarwa uku: na farko dai shine kodai su duka biyun su zamanto sunada samuwa, na biyu ko kuma duka biyu su zamanto sun bace samuwarsu takau, na uku ko kuam daya ya wanzu samamme daya kuma ya bace a rasashi.

 Sai dai kuma bau daya daga wanna surori daga kaddarwa da yake da samuwa a cikin ittihadi na hakika, saboda fuska ta farko dai ba abu daya muke gani abubuwa biyun ne dai suka wanzu da samuwa, a cikin fuska ta biyu dukkanin abubuwa ba su da samuwa a asali, sabpoda ittihadi bai yiwuwa cikinsu, sai fuska ta uku wanda daya samamme daya kuma rasashshe samamme da abinda babu baza su taba haduwa ba.[6]

 

Mas'alar hululi da ittihadi daga rubutun masana falsafa da arifan muslunci.

Masana falsafa musulmi suma sunyi watsi da hululi da ittihadi cikin Allah,[7] kadai suna ganin yiwuwa yin fana'I cikin zatin Allah wato mutum ya zamanto ya manta kansa babu abinda yake iya tunawa sai zatin Allah. Saboda dayanta hakkin Allah ne na hakika bai barin biyuntuwa, daidai lokacin shi hululi da ittihadi na lazimtar biyuntuwa cikin asalin samuwa.

Littafan matanin irfani an bijiro da bahasin hululi da ittihadi, wani ba'ari daga arifai duk da cewa sunyi ishara kan cudanyar lahutiya da nasutiya cikin mutum kamar misalin cudanyar ruwa da giya barasa.[8] Amma wasu ba'arin kuma sunja kunne da cewa bai kamata ayi kuskure kiyasin wannan akida da hulili da ittihadi ba,[9] ma'ana dai gaba dayan littafan irfani sunyi wurgi da watsi da akidar hululi da ittihadi, alal misali ibn arabi a lokuta da daman gaske cikin littafinsa futuhat makkiya ya wurgi da watsi da maganar cewa wani bil adam zai hululin cikin zatin Allah matsarkaki.[10] A mahangar masana irfani misalin ibn arabi da misalin kaisari da ibn tarak isfahani  da jami sun tafi kan cewa lalli shji hululi yana lazimta biyunta, sai dai cewa tunda shi Allah ya dayanta shine amuwar daya tsantsa wanda wani abu da yake bangare daga hakikaninsa, cikin baki dayan halittu da masu yiwuwa kasantuwa yana gudana.[11] Kai a asali ma biyunta batada samuwa ballantana ai Magana hululi da ittihadi, bari dai dayanta kadai ke hukuma anan.[12]

 Duk da dai cewa kuma a wasu littafan arifai sun karbi ittihadi da ma'anar fana'I narkewa bawa cikin samuwar matsarkaki, ko kuma ace saduwar masoyi da wanda yake so. Sai dai cewa kamar yadda wasu sukai bayani da cewa abinda ake nufi da ittihadi bai nufi tunawa da kuma ittihadin hakika kadai ana nufin ittihadin majazi na aro.[13]



Azhari muhammdu ibn ahmad tahzib juz 3 sh 280 kar akshin Kalmar halli bugun bairut darul ihya’u turasu arabi bugun farko a sheakara ta 1421. ibn munzir muhammadu ibn mukrim a cikin lisanul arab juz 11 sh 164 bugun bairut darul sadir shekara 1414 bugu na uku[1]

Bahraini juz 3 sh 156 bugun taharan murtazawi  bugu na uku shekara 1375 hijra shamsiyya [2] Duraihi fakru ibn Muhammad a cikin majm’au

[3] Sharh mawakif ali ibn mohd jurjani misra bugun mohd badarul dini na'asani halabi shekara 1907 miladiya

[4] Lawami'u ilahiyya fi mabahisul kalamiyya jiz 1 sh 16 fadil mikdad ibn Abdullah mabugar daftarul tablig qum shekara ta 1380 shm

[5] Adudin iji abdur rahman ibn ahmad cikin shar h mawakif juz 1 sh 106-107 bugun bairut alamul kutub.

[6] Dusi mohd ibhn hassan cikin littafin tamhid fi ilmul kalam juz 1 sh 96 bugun taharan bugun abdul muhsin mishkatul dini shekara ta 1362. Kashful murad fi sharhi tajridil I'itikad juz 1 sh 407 mu'assastul nashrul islami shekara ta 1407 kamariya

[7] Majmu'u asar  husaini ibn mansur hallaj juz 1 sh 315 bugun taharan fihirisat shekara 1119 shmasiyya

[8] Hikimatul muta'aliya fi asafarul akaliyya arba'a muhammadu ibn Ibrahim sadrul dini shirazi juz 1 sh 110-118 bugun taharn wizaratu farhangi wa irshad islami shekara 1386 shamsiyya.

Fi sharh ta'iyyatu ibn farid juz 1 sh 271-280 mabugar daftarul tabligat islami qum sekara 1379.[9] Masharikul durari

[10] Bugun bairut darul sadir bita Futuhatul makkiya ibn arabi juz 2 sh 54

[11] Tajalliyat ilhiya ibn arabi juz 1 sh 467-468

[12] Sayit tambaya mai lamba 4639 wahadat wujud

Danesh name jahani islami da'iratu ma'arif islami bar girafteh az makaleh ittihadu wa hululi



[1]. ر. ک: دانشنامه جهان اسلام، بنیاد دائرة المعارف اسلامی، برگرفته از مقاله «حلول و اتحاد»، شماره ۶۴۷۲.

Tarihi: [2017/5/28]     Ziyara: [1604]

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